Musical Movement of Jazz - 606 Words

Everyone has a favorite type of music. Many people follow music closely and have unique tastes. Some people find genres and mixes of genres that they like. People find other people who share these musical interests. People who immerse themselves in a genre or performer find the live performance particularly meaningful and seek out those artists in concert. Music concerts are some of the biggest and most attended events in our modern culture. These are venues where people come together and express themselves through movement and sound. Individuals transcend their everyday experience, connecting to the performers and each other. It is addictive. Its almost religious. The desire to return to that â€Å"mountain top† is powerful. If it is powerful for the audience, how much more powerful is it to the performers. What if the flow just isn’t there next time. What if a tolerance level starts to build up. The level In the modern era, one of the first big movements in music was jazz. Jazz is a evolution of music, which brings together traditional european harmonies with blue notes and improvisation with are usually associated with traditional african music. This music, in its early and most basic forms, was played and personalized all over the world, but there are places in the United States that are generally considered the â€Å"birthplace† of jazz, more specifically the south. Since then, Jazz has become one of the most popular and widely listened to genres of music in history. WhatShow MoreRelatedJazz Music: A Progressive Work of Art1163 Words   |  5 PagesJazz music can be likened to a progressive work of art. Throughout its history, Jazz music theory and techniques are continuously advancing and reforming as musicians pursue their interests by seeking new methods of expression. Jazz evolution is perpetual, and can take the form of incorporation of new techniques, adoption of mor e intricate harmonies and rhythms, or establishment of more elaborate melodies (Gioia). The early 1940s saw an increase in the number of Jazz modernists. As swing music declinedRead MoreMusical Progress Essay1055 Words   |  5 Pagesthe 20th century major progress was made in music, this progress was done by composers like George Gershwin and Igor Stravinsky. The two composers although of diverse musical genres and particular time periods had a common theme, they both created music that pushed the boundaries for their respective styles. Gershwin with his early Jazz pieces and Stravinsky with his early neoclassicist work both created pieces that are still performed in the 2000’s. Although they both faced a different set of challengesRead MoreThe Classical Music And Jazz1544 Words   |  7 Pages ILAC Pathway 3 25 September 2015 Classical music and Jazz What people come up with when they hear the words â€Å"classical music† is a big concert hall, while what people come up with is a small bar or something when they hear â€Å"jazz†. It seems they are different as they are named differently, but are they really different? Also, given that the mainstream in the music industry is popular music, both classical music and jazz are not appreciated by many people, but how have these two musicRead MoreComparing Bix Beiderbecke And Louis Armstrong1567 Words   |  7 Pagesbackgrounds, both musicians drew upon their influences to make music that revolutionized jazz, creating two separate legacies interwoven among each other in the peak of jazz popularity. Both Beiderbecke and Armstrong used their trumpets and their unique styles of playing, ranging from hot jazz to cool jazz, to fuel political, cultural, and social movements, inspiring individuals inside and outside of the jazz profession. Aside from the typical cultural, social, and political factors influencing anyRead MoreThe Beginning of Jazz and the Effects Early Jazz Had in the 1920s860 Words   |  4 PagesJazz could be what describes America to a â€Å"T† in the 1920s. It was very popular throughout the entire decade of the 1920s. This era was called â€Å"The Jazz Age†, which was a term coined by F. Scott Fitzgerald (Campbell 52). It not only affected music, but it also contributed to an entire cultural renaissance in Harlem, brought other cultural groups together in a time of segregation, and the lifestyle of many Americans throughout the 1920s. Jazz would be the mold for everything American in the 1920sRead MoreJohn Coltrane Essay1579 Words   |  7 PagesJohn Coltrane John Coltrane Jazz, taking its roots in African American folk music, has evolved, metamorphosed, and transposed itself over the last century to become a truly American art form. More than any other type of music, it places special emphasis on innovative individual interpretation. Instead of relying on a written score, the musician improvises. For each specific period or style through which jazz has gone through over the past seventy years, there is almost always a single personRead MoreI Attended A Wonderful Jazz Concert At Prince George s Community College1163 Words   |  5 Pages On March 30th, 2017 I attended a wonderful jazz concert at Prince George’s Community College. The concert was performed by a group titled The Reginald Cyntje Group. The Reginald Cyntje Group was comprised of five talented musicians: Herman Burney, Reginald Cyntje, Lenny Robinson, Brian Settles, and Hope Udobi. The group performed a song cycle of seven songs: â€Å"The Rise of the Protester,† â€Å"Ballad for the Masses,† â€Å"Chant of the Revolt,† â€Å"Descension and Ascension,† â€Å"No Justice No Peace,† â€Å"The PieceRead MoreEssay on John Coltrane1679 Words   |  7 Pages John Coltrane: An Experimental Musician Jazz, which evolved from African American folk music, has developed and changed over the last century to become an art form in America. It places particular importance on inventive self interpretation. Rather than relying on a written piece, the artist improvises. Jazz has taken many forms over the past seventy years; there is almost always a single person who can be credited with the evolution of that sound. From Thelonius Monk, and his bebop, to Dizzy Gillespie’sRead MoreThe Blues And Bebop Are Two Forms Of Jazz That Have Given1363 Words   |  6 PagesThe blues and bebop are two forms of jazz that have given us many amazing artists whose talents and arrangements still have relevancy in our society today. Because of their emergence, our musical inventory has expanded greatly. This essay will review these two forms of Jazz while comparing their similarities and difference while also discussing some of the artists who were within their musical genres. Progression to the Blues The blues is a genre of jazz that developed in its earliest developmentRead MoreThe Concert Hall At Depaul University Essay1328 Words   |  6 Pagespiece appeared to be jazz. I thought this piece of music was jazz because of the rhythm having a beat that you could clap your hands to and had allegro type of tempo to it. The pianist Casey Dahl played the same progression of chords melody pattern repeatedly. The Repetition of the piece made me enjoy the song and it also stayed in my head I couldn’t get the pieces melody out of my head even long after the performance, I know that Jazz pieces tend to do that often. The musical instrument that seem

Apology And Aristophanes The Clouds - 982 Words

What worries many great intellectuals is the thought of being represented. The scholar Socrates was know as a calculated man who tried to delve into and honestly answer all of his quagmires about life and the universe. While this may be true, when comparing many of the contemporary Athenians who quote him there are countless inconsistencies. Not only do these irregularities intrigue present day students of classical works, they raise questions about the veracity of his quoted works. There are some works which shed a positive light on the scholar while others convey the contrary. One such comparison is that of Plato’s book, Apology and Aristophanes’ play The Clouds. Throughout both masterpieces there are connotations that they both disagreed and presumably misrepresented Socrates’ methods, beliefs and overall views. Misrepresenting Socrates has inevitably created an only partial representation of the real, truth seeking man that he was and has forced the present d ay scholar to accept the inconsistencies as part of the mysteries of Ancient Greece. The interactions that the two authors had with Socrates created a motive for each’s objectives and thus modeled their works differently. The playwright Aristophanes was much old than Plato and his work, The Clouds, was released when Plato was very young. At that period many â€Å"average† less sophisticated older citizen scoffed at Sophists’ allegedly perverted and warped logic. Aristophanes work fits that genre. Aristophanes had littleShow MoreRelatedEssay Clouds vs. The Apology1649 Words   |  7 Pages Clouds vs. The Apology In Aristophanes Clouds and in Platos Apology we see extensive fictional representations of the historical figure, Socrates, who left us no literary works under his own name. When comparing these two representations, readers often assume, as a result of the nature of the comedic genre, that Aristophanes portrayal of Socrates is exaggerated and fallacious. On the other hand, Platos account is often taken more seriously as a result of the philosophical genre and theRead MoreClassical Essay780 Words   |  4 Pages Second Paper Assignment Shonell Maynard In the books; The Clouds written by Aristophanes, and The Apology, written by Plato, the philosopher Socrates is portrayed in two different ways. Plato, being a loyal follower of Socrates, portrays him as being a very simple man who is always open to learning new wisdom. However, Aristophanes portrays him as an atheist who practices sophistry along with a number of different crimes. People question whetherRead MoreAristophanes’ Clouds a Satyr Play Written in 419 BCE1161 Words   |  5 PagesAristophanes’ Clouds, if read hastily, can be interpreted as a mindless satyr play written in 419 BCE. Yet the chorus warns the reader not to expect the play to have farcical ploys like â€Å"a hanging phallus stitched on† the actors to evoke a laugh, but to take note of underlying seriousness as â€Å"she [the play] comes in trusting only her words† (Clouds 538-44). Even if the play does use some low devices, the play’s message is sophisticated and can be read as a warning to Socrates. Aristophanes isRead MoreAnalysis of Socrates in Aristhphane ´s Clouds and Plato ´s Apology1081 Words   |  5 Pagesclaimed to know anything that he questioned. In Plato’s text â€Å"Apology† Socrates is depicted as a man who was arrogant, hypercritical of others, and fixed on his ways no matter the consequences. He had the qualities of a man who saw no error in what he was doing because he thought he was above average men, and thought he was a benefit to society against what others claimed. In contrast Socrates’ portrayal in Aristophanes’ play â€Å"Clouds† is more positive, his character was written wanting men to beRead MoreSocrates’ Speech in Apology975 Words   |  4 PagesAristophanes’ Clouds, if read hastily, can be interpreted as a mindless satyr play written in 419 BCE. Yet the chorus warns the reader not to expect the play to have farcical ploys like â€Å"a hanging phallus stitched o n† the actors to evoke a laugh, but has underlying seriousness as â€Å"she [the play] comes in trusting only her words† (Clouds 538-44). Even if the play does use some low devices, the play’s message is sophisticated and can be read as a warning to Socrates. Aristophanes is a â€Å"friendlyRead MoreSocrates: The Dichotomy between Aristophanes and Plato’s Depictions1489 Words   |  6 Pagesbetween Aristophanes and Plato’s Depictions Ignorance: the condition of being uninformed or uneducated; this basic definition is crucial to understanding one of the most controversial figures in ancient Athenian society: the philosopher Socrates. The man’s entire life was devoted to proving the fact that no one actually knew what they thought they did; that everyone lived in ignorance. This viewpoint earned Socrates many enemies, so many that even a renowned playwright, Aristophanes, decidedRead More The Clouds by Aristophanes Essay1678 Words   |  7 PagesThe Clouds by Aristophanes - Relevant in Todays World The Clouds by Aristophanes, is a play centrally concerned with education. Aristophanes employs satire to illustrate his conservative beliefs. It is intended to show readers that in the tendency to philosophical subtleties lies the neglection of the real needs of the Athenians. According to Aristophanes, philosophical speculation only acts to shake the established foundations of accepted religion, gods, and ideals of morality. Read MorePoli Sci Midterm1155 Words   |  5 Pagesguided reason and language. 2. Is Socrates against nature, or following it? Please draw examples from Aristophanes’ The Clouds and the relevant Platonic Dialogues. In the four dialogues, Socrates professes that he is for nature in different ways. He describes nature and human nature. He believed that human nature involves reasoning and consisted of metaphysical concepts. In Aristophanes’ â€Å"The Clouds,† Socrates states that he believes that the Gods are not the ones who produce rain and thunder butRead MoreSocrates : The Father Of Western Philosophy747 Words   |  3 Pagesonly one of the most influential intellectual to have ever lived, but also one of the most controversial. His ideology, teachings, and beliefs are still discussed, debated, and quoted to this day. Using one of his students, Plato and looking at Aristophanes work, one can draw concluding thoughts on why Socrates brought so much controversy to the table and how both perspectives seem to tell a different story. Socrates was a Greek philosopher between 470BC to 399BC. He is remembered as the father ofRead More Socrates Essay1087 Words   |  5 Pagesof absolutes. This alternative is not without its faults. Socratic philosophy is plagued by a destructive element. It reduces the authoritative opinions about political life but replaces it with nothing. This is the vital stem from which the quot;Apology of Socratesquot; is written. Because of the stinging attack on Athenian life, and the opinions which they revere so highly, Socrates is placed on trial for his life. The question now becomes why and in what manner did Socrates refute the gods and

The Alchemist Overview

The Alchemist is an allegorical novel published in 1988 by Paulo Coelho. After an initial lukewarm reception, it became a worldwide bestseller, with more than 65 million copies sold.   Fast Facts: The Alchemist Title: The AlchemistAuthor: Paulo CoelhoPublisher:  Rocco, an obscure Brazilian publishing houseYear Published: 1988Genre: AllegoricalType of Work: NovelOriginal Language: PortugueseThemes: Personal Legend, pantheism, fear, omens, biblical metaphorsCharacters: Santiago, the Englishman, Melchizedek, the crystal merchant, Fatima, the alchemist  Notable Adaptations: An illustrated version with artwork provided by Moebius, a graphic novel produced in 2010.Fun Fact: Coelho wrote The Alchemist in two weeks, and, after one year, the publisher gave the rights back to Coelho, who felt that he had to heal from the setback, which led him to spend time in the Mojave desert. Plot Summary Santiago is a shepherd from Andalusia who, while resting in a church, dreams about pyramids and treasures. After having his dream interpreted by an old woman, and after learning the concept of â€Å"Personal Legends,† he sets out to find those pyramids. Significant stops in his journey include Tangier, where he works for a crystal merchant, and the oasis, where he falls in love with Fatima, a â€Å"desert woman,† and meets an alchemist. During his travels, he also gets acquainted with the concept of the â€Å"Soul of the World,† which makes all beings partake in the same spiritual essence. This allows him to turn into the wind while facing some captors. Once he finally reaches the pyramids, he learns that the treasure he’d been looking for was by the church where he was resting at the beginning of the novel. Major Characters Santiago. Santiago is a shepherd from Spain and the protagonist of the novel. While at first he is content with tending sheep, once he gets acquainted with the concept of Personal Legend, he sets out on an allegorical journey to pursue it. Melchizedek. Melchizedek is an old man who is actually a renowned biblical figure. He is a mentor to Santiago, as he educates him on the concept of â€Å"Personal Legend.† The Crystal Merchant. He owns a crystal shop in Tangier, and, even though he is aware of his own Personal Legend, he chooses not to pursue it, which leads to a life of regret.   The Englishman. The Englishman is a bookish individual who used to solely rely on books to pursue knowledge. He wants to learn alchemy and is looking for the alchemist who lives at the Al Fayoum oasis. Fatima. Fatima is a desert woman and Santiago’s love interest. She understands omens and is happy to let destiny run its course. The Alchemist. The titular character of the novel, he is a scimitar-wielding, black-clad 200-year-old man who lives at the oasis. He believes in learning by doing something rather than reading it. Major Themes The Personal Legend. Each individual has a Personal Legend, which is the only means by which to achieve a satisfying life. The universe is attuned to that, and it can achieve perfection if all of its creatures strive to achieve their own Personal Legend Pantheism. In The Alchemist, the Soul of the World represents the unity of nature. All living beings, are connected, and they have to undergo similar processes, as they share the same spiritual essence. Fear. Giving in to fear is what hinders the fulfillment of one’s own Personal Legend. As we see with the crystal merchant, who never heeded his calling to make a pilgrimage to Mecca out of fear, he ends up living in regret. Alchemy. Alchemy’s goal was to transform base metals into gold and to create a universal elixir. In the novel, alchemy serves as a metaphor of people’s journeys in pursuit of their own Personal Legend.   Literary Style The Alchemist is written in a simple prose that is heavy on the sensory details. It contains a lot of extremely quotable passages, which gives the book a â€Å"self-help† tone. About the Author Paulo Coelho is a Brazilian lyricist and novelist. He had a spiritual awakening upon walking the Road of Santiago de Compostela. He is the author of over 30 books between essays, autobiography, and fiction, and his work has been published in more than 170 countries and translated into more than 120 languages.

The Heart And Vascular Institute - 755 Words

Clinical Specialty Area The clinical area chosen was the Heart and Vascular Institute through one of the hospital systems I am employed with. I had been involved with a project that studied the readmissions experienced within the hospital system and established heart failure (HF) and chronic obstructive pulmonary disorders (COPD) were our highest readmission problems. Our organization had found that millions of dollars had been left on the table since the Centers for Medicare Medicaid (CMS) handed down their final ruling in 2012 regarding reduced payments for preventable readmissions (CMS.gov, 2016). One of the outcomes of the project was the development of the rapid diuresis unit (RDU) through our Cardiac Decision Units (CDU) at several campuses. I often wondered how the RDU of the CDU was set up and how they function within the system. This is my opportunity to see the operation firsthand, the clientele it serves, the staff, and potential education needs that the department faces. Developing as an Advanced Nurse Educator The American Association of Colleges of Nursing (AACN) published report titled The Essentials of Master’s Education in Nursing (2011), where the core framework for all masters educated nurses is laid out to prepare for the dramatic changes seen in the delivery of healthcare today and in the future (American Association of Colleges of Nursing, 2011). I am excited to be with Walden’s vision to implement some advanced practice into the MSN inShow MoreRelatedEssay about Medical Technology has Increased Life Expectancy960 Words   |  4 Pagesmedical knowledge than ever. However micro vascular angina pectoris a medical term for chest pain remain number one killer in the world it is a discomfort due to coronary heart disease simply called angina. This occurs when the heart muscle temporarily doesnt get sufficient in order to function properly. In addition it’s usually happens because one or more of the hearts arteries is narrowed or blocked. In the article of Lana ma nagement of micro vascular angina pectoris he clearly explain the natureRead MoreOne Beat At a Time Essay1318 Words   |  6 PagesOne Beat at a Time When we think of cardio vascular diseases, we usually always associate them with the loss of a family member or friend. Almost everyone knows of someone who is affected by these tragic diseases. Since the ancient times, there have been clues left showing possible cardio vascular diseases within the Egyptian families. The earliest proof of a cardio vascular disease is of a 3,500 year old Egyptian mummy with a serious case of arthrosclerosis, which was identified via modern CTRead MoreThe Death Of The Word Cancer Strikes Fear Into The Hearts Of So Most Hardened Of Us1658 Words   |  7 PagesToxicology Timed Essay Just the thought of the word cancer strikes fear into the hearts of even the most hardened of us. In excess of over 300,000 people were diagnosed with cancer back in 2011 according to statistics published on the cancer research website. Nearly 400 per 100,000 people in the UK alone were diagnosed with some variant of cancer in 2011, with lung cancer, breast cancer, prostate cancer and bowel cancer topping the charts. Of all the people diagnosed with cancer in 2012, just overRead MoreOrganizational Leaders : The Health System Of Choice Of Patients, Physicians, And Employees816 Words   |  4 Pages(Tri-City Medical Center Advanced Health care for You, 2015). Types of services: Palomar: The Only level-II trauma facility in the North County region. The hospital provides Heart and vascular services including medical cardiology, diagnostic, interventional cardiology , cardiology surgical, cardiac rehabilitation, and vascular services. Orthopedic trauma and fracture care, treatment for joint problems, knee and hip replacement, spine surgeries and conservative treatment and orthopedic rehabilitationRead MoreCommon Ways Of Diagnosing Myocardial Infarctions1252 Words   |  6 Pageselectrical activity. An EKG can show how fast your heart is beating, whether the rhythm of your heartbeats is steady or irregular, and the strength and timing of the electrical impulses passing through each part of your heart.† (National Institutes of Health, 2016). An ECG waveform involves multiple elements, each signifying a special phase of the depolarization-repolarization sequence. The base line represents no electrical activity, when the heart is resting. The P wave is t he initial verticalRead MoreLiterature Review : High Blood Pressure1107 Words   |  5 Pagesadequate tissue perfusion are essential in regulating the blood flow throughout the circulatory system (Lewis et al., 2010). Multiple factors that reflect the interrelationship of BP hemodynamically (blood flow) include cardiac output, peripheral vascular resistance, blood volume, blood viscosity and artery elasticity. Its measurement varies depending on the continuous influence of many factors such as age, stress, race, medications, activity, weight, smoking and gender (Potter Perry, 2014). FurthermoreRead MoreA Brief Note On Coronary Heart Disease ( Chd )814 Words   |  4 PagesIntroduction Coronary Heart Disease (CHD) is the obstruction of blood vessels that supply the heart muscle, due to the deposition of lipid material [1]. Figure 1 illustrates various modifiable and non-modifiable risk factors, influencing the prevalence of CHD within Australians. Figure 1: Modifiable and non-modifiable risk factors affecting the prevalence of Coronary Heart Disease in Australia [19] Modifiable Risk Factors Non-Modifiable Risk Factors Obesity Increasing age Hyperlipidemia GenderRead MoreA Brief Note On Diabetes And Prevalence Of Diabetes Essay910 Words   |  4 Pagesconsidered to be less than 100 mg/dL (milligrams per deciliter), and diabetes is diagnosed when the blood glucose level rises above 126 mg/dL. Prediabetes falls in between at a level 100-125 mg/dL. Individuals with prediabetes are at a higher risk of heart disease and other complications than those without prediabetes (Dorman et al., 2012) Prediabetes often does not present with any symptoms, and approximately 15% to 30% of individuals with pre-diabetes will progress to type 2 diabetes in five yearsRead MoreThe Leading Killer Of Women And Men Essay1345 Words   |  6 Pagesfrom the onset of Coronary Heart Disease. Coronary Heart Disease (CHD) occurs when there is a blockage of blood flow to the heart. This blockage, is caused by a build-up of plaque in the heart’s arteries, which ruptures and becomes dislodged forming a blood clot that prevents oxygen- rich blood from reaching the heart. When blood to the heart is reduced this can trigger a myocardial infarction also known as a heart attack. The lack of blood to surrounding tissue in the heart can cause muscle death ifRead MoreCardiovascular Case Study : Cardiovascular Case Study1751 Words   |  8 Pagesleft untreated can have serious, lasting ill effects on the heart. In many instances, the damage is not visible until years later. The antibodies that are d eveloped to fight the strep infection can attack the heart and joints. When the valves are attacked by these antibodies, they can swell and become scarred. This leads to insufficient closing of the valves and regurgitation of blood causing the murmur sounds (Texas Heart Institute, 2014). The valve between the atrium and ventricle becomes

Simple Harmonic Motion Dominic Stone Lab Partner Free Essays

Experiment 1: Simple Harmonic Motion Dominic Stone Lab Partner: Andrew Lugliani January 9, 2012 Physics 132 Lab Section 13 Theory For this experiment we investigated and learned about simple harmonic motion. To do this we hung and measured different masses on a spring-mass system to calculate the force constant k. Simple harmonic motion is a special type of periodic motion. We will write a custom essay sample on Simple Harmonic Motion Dominic Stone Lab Partner or any similar topic only for you Order Now It is best described as an oscillation motion that causes an object to move back-and-forth in response to a restoring force given by Hooke’s Law: 1) F=-kx Where k is the force constant. Then using two different procedures, we calculate the value of the force constant k of a spring in our oscillating system. We observed the period of oscillation and use this formula: 2) T=2(m/k) Then we reduced the equation to solve for the value of k by: 3) k=4^2/slope â€Å"Slope† represents the slope of the graph in procedure B. k is then the measure of the stiffness of the spring. We can then compare k to that of a vertically stretched spring with various masses M. By using the following equation: 4) Mg=kx Where x is the distance of the stretch in the spring. To find the value of the constant k we take the data from procedure A and graph it. Using this graph, we use equation: 5) k=g/slope We can compare the two values of the constant k. Both values should be exact since we used the same spring in both procedures. Here simple harmonic motion is used to calculate the restoring force of the spring-mass system. Procedure Part A: First, we set up the experiment by suspending the spring from the support mount and measured the distance from the lower end of the spring to the floor. After, we hung 100 grams from the spring and measured the new distance created from the stretch of the spring. We then repeated this step for masses 200 to 1000 grams, by increasing the weight by 200 grams each time. Then we took this data and plotted them on a graph with suspended weight Mg versus elongation x. After plotting this data we were then able to evaluate the force constant k from the slope of the graph. Part B: First, we suspend 100 grams from the spring and let it lay at rest. When the spring was naturally set in its equilibrium position, we slightly pulled down the weight and recorded the time it took for the weight to complete 10 oscillations and calculated the average period of each oscillation. We then repeated this process for masses 100 to 1000 grams by increasing the weight by 100 grams each time. After we completed this process we plotted a graph of T^2 verses suspended mass m with the data. When then found the intercept at T^2=0 to see how it would compare with the value of negative one-third the mass of the spring. We then also determined the spring constant k by calculating the slope of the graph and compared it with the spring constant k in part B. Data Part A: Mg(Kg/s^2)| X(m)| 1. 96| 0. 39| 3. 92| 0. 63| 5. 88| 0. 86| 7. 84| 1. 11| 9. 8| 1. 36| Part B: M(Kg)| T (s)| T(s)| T^2(s^2)| 0. 1| 8. 24| 0. 824| 0. 679| 0. 2| 9. 87| 0. 987| 0. 974| 0. 3| 12. 74| 1. 274| 1. 623| 0. 4| 14. 57| 1. 457| 2. 123| 0. 5| 16. 23| 1. 623| 2. 634| 0. 6| 17. 49| 1. 749| 3. 059| 0. 7| 19. 21| 1. 921| 3. 69| 0. 8| 20. 26| 2. 026| 4. 105| 0. 9| 21. 69| 2. 169| 4. 705| 1| 22. 89| 2. 289| 5. 24| Data Analysis How to cite Simple Harmonic Motion Dominic Stone Lab Partner, Essay examples

Pros and Cons of the two Contrasting Leadership Free-Samples

Questions: 1.What leadership style do you feel is exhibited by Richard Branson? Define and discuss the characteristics of the style and cite specific examples from the case to support your argument2.Define and briefly discuss the Path-goal leadership theory. (House 1971), (House Mitchell 1974). House describes four leader behaviours. 3.Discuss how you believe the leadership styles of both Branson and Gou could impact on workers motivation, from either a positive or negative perspective4.If you were a consultant hired to Improve leadership at Foxconn, what changes would you recommend to Terry Gou to create a workplace that is more harmonious, less stressful and less toxic for Employees. Answers: Introduction This assignment deals with pros and cons of the two contrasting leadership styles (Transformational and Autocratic) followed by Richard Branson and Terry Gou, in the relationship with the theories of motivation. It discusses the characteristics of the two theories and their relation to the leadership styles of the two leaders. It also deals with the four features of path-goal leadership theory and their connection to Richard Branson and Terry Gou. The report describes the connection of Chinese culture to the success of Autocratic style of leadership. Discussion 1.Richard Branson exhibits the Transformational leadership style. In this style of leadership, the leader enhances the morale, performance, and motivation of employees. In this style of leadership the leader, works along with the subordinates to find out the changes required, creating guidance for the change and implementing the change (Garca-Morales et al. 2012). These types of leaders are able to create a work culture full of trust and innovation. Some of the key characteristics of the transformational leaders are as follows Keeping ego in check: It is very essential for the leader of transformational leadership to keep the ego in check and not let it interfere with every topic related to a subordinate. Keeping the ego in check is a great way to bring out the best from the employees. The case study of Richard Branson perfectly proves this point. As stated in the case study, Branson gives respect to employees by stepping back and giving them authority for taking their own decisions. He knows exactly when to intervene and when to step back keeping his ego aside (Grant, 2012). Self- Management: The transformational leaders possess the capability to manage themselves well. They do not follow conventional rules of leadership and does not need direction from others on how to operate. They do whatever they love. They possess values that cater to the interests of the organization. Richard Branson is a self made businessperson who is now operating more than 200 businesses and is now a billionaire. He does not carry the conventional look and behavior of CEOs. He does exactly what makes him happy like dressing as Che Guevara in a press conference, wearing butterfly wings on a boardroom (Wright et al. 2012). The capability of taking appropriate risks: Taking calculated risks is one of the key features of transformational leaders. They trust their instinct and take input from the team to evaluate a situation and take appropriate risks for increasing the productivity of the organization. Richard Branson is famous for his decisions on taking calculated risks. The first music album, which he released from his company Virgin Records, was of Mike Oldfield, had no potential of being a hit. This calculated risk taken by Branson proved to be a super success. The album became one of the best-selling albums of all time (Kelloway et al. 2012). Share Organizational consciousness: A transformational leader always shares his views with the subordinates while listening and giving importance to their views and opinions. This helps the leader to understand the team members. The subordinates also feel valued by the organization and take decisions fearlessly. Branson believes in demolishing corporate hierarchy and sharing his views with employees. He gives authorities to others to take decisions while giving them the opportunity to have ample leisure time. According to Branson employees are paid to think and lead rather than following others orders. This makes them feel valued (Chou, 2012.). Being Inspirational: One of the major works of a transformational leader is to inspire and motivate the employees. This includes motivating employees and recognizing their hard work. It is also the process of understanding the motivational factor of an employee. According to Branson, focusing on employees is the key to success. He debates that if an organization looks after its employees the employees will look after the customers. He motivates employees by considering their situation and granting them leaves whenever required. According to him, this inspires and motivates employees to be more productive. He believes in the implementation of fun in the working environment to inspire the employees who spend most of the time of their day in the organization (Manning and Curtis, 2012). The case study shows that Terry Gou follows the Autocratic style of leadership. This style considers the boss as the supreme. The leader holds all the authority and responsibility. This type of leadership provides no flexibility in the working environment. Autocratic leaders never involve employees in decision-making and are always force them to follow instructions (Wright and Escrib-Folch, 2012). There are some key characteristics of Autocratic leadership. The first is that they take little or no input from group members. Terry Gou follows the secretive style of leadership. He never shares new product launches with employees. He tightly controls the employees in military style and is never consults them for decision-making. The second characteristic of this type of leadership is that they consider the employees and their well-being as the last priority (Manning and Curtis, 2012). Terry Gou forces its employees to do 24-hour shifts when there are urgent requirements. They are never g iven the flexibility of taking leaves. The work environment of Foxconn is mentally and physically stressful with forced overtimes. Employees have certain facilities like swimming pool, medical facilities, and cafeteria. The constant pressure of working hard and giving output drives workers to commit suicide. In spite of the suicides committed by his organization Terry Gou has stuck to his policy of customer first employee last by making the employees sign a treaty, which absolves the company from the responsibility of any suicides. 2.The Path-Goal leadership theory is a theory on specifying the behavior of leaders that suits the employees and the work environment. The goal of this theory is to increase the motivation of employees and empowering the employees to make them satisfied with the organization (Dixon and Hart, 2010). According to this theory, satisfied employees are best for the productivity of the organization. House describes four styles of leadership The directive, path-goal clarifying leader: This type of leader clearly communicates the goal to the employees and the processes by which the goals can be achieved. This is followed when the subordinate is inexperienced and the task is unstructured and complex (Manning and Curtis, 2012). Achievement-oriented leader: This type focuses on setting challenging task oriented goals to its followers and expects them to perform at their highest level. The leaders also show immense confidence in the ability of the workers (Manning and Curtis, 2012). Participative leaders: This type of leadership involves and consults the followers while taking a decision. They consider the ideas of the subordinates while taking an action (Huang et al. 2010). Supportive Leaders: This leader creates a healthy and friendly working environment by showing concern to the employees for their well-being and considering their needs. This increases the self- esteem of employees and increases their motivation to work harder(Zhang and Bartol, 2010). The most evident leadership styles of Richard Branson are the participative leadership style and the supportive leadership style. Branson as a participative leader gives the employees authority and flexibility to decide on situations without consulting the hierarchy, involves them, and considers their views and opinions while taking decisions. Branson believes that this makes the employee feel valuable and wanted for the company thus increasing the employee retention. As a supportive leader, Branson believes in introducing fun in the working environment. He never interferes with the needs of the employees to take leaves and grants the whenever required. According to Branson employees who are happy in the working environment and can fulfill their social obligations are always more productive. Terry Gou follows the Directive and the Achievement-oriented leadership styles. Terry Gou exhibits a military control over employees by describing their work area and forcing them to follow leadership instructions blindly. He does not allow employees to cite their opinions before taking decisions. Terry Gou even keeps the product launch a secret. This is how he becomes directive in his leadership. Terry Gou is highly achievement-oriented. He forces employees to do 24-hour shifts and extreme overtimes when there is urgency. He never considers the needs of employees and is least bothered about the health of employees forcing them to commit suicide. 3.The Transformational leadership style as followed by Branson has many positive effects on the motivation of employees. This leadership model relates to the Hertzbergs Two-Factor Theory and Maslows hierarchy of needs theory of motivation. Hertzbergs motivation theory suggests that employees get motivated when they enjoy their work, feel recognized and sees the progression in the career (Ifinedo, 2012). They are also motivated when there is an open environment free communication throughout the hierarchy. According to Maslows theory, employees get motivated when the company considers their needs. The employees feel motivated when they know exactly what their roles are in the company and how their opinions are important in any decision making. The employees feel needed by the company. The company should also look after the employee's life outside of work by providing them flexible working hours so that they can also fulfill their family responsibilities. This highly motivates an employ ee and increases the productivity. Another motivation factor for employees is getting fair salary according to their responsibility (Deci and Ryan, 2012). A person following the transformational model of leadership positively affects the motivation of employees by following all the methods as discussed above. However, there are also negative effects of this leadership. The motivation employees get by feeling that they are part of the decision-making and goal setting can backfire when employees work long hours and are encouraged to go beyond their limitations to achieve the goal. This type of leadership has the tendency to train only selected individuals. Though this enhances the knowledge of those that receives the coaching, the other left out employees get de-motivated as they have the feeling that they are unimportant. The sharing of goals and asking the employees to take authority for goal achievement can also have a negative effect on productivity when employees are incapable of understanding the situation correctly and hence takes irrelevant decisions (Allio, 2012). Autocratic leadership style as followed by Gou contradicts Hertzbergs Two-Factor Theory and Maslows hierarchy of needs theory of motivation. It is not a very popular leadership theory and does not go well with the subordinates. The employees get de-motivated when they feel that the managers do not trust them and their inputs in any decision are not valued (Bhatti et al. 2012). They also get de-motivated when they fear of the punishments that the leaders use to motivate the subordinates. This leadership also has a negative effect on employee morale. The talented de-motivated employees always tend to leave the organization as the leaders discourage innovation. Although it has many negatives, this leadership style is effective at the time of crisis, when the employees need motivation from their superiors. The leaders can positively affect the motivation of employees by taking a sole decision without consultation and by telling them on how to recover the crisis. The employees feel motiva ted when they know that there is someone to guide them (Manzoor, 2012). 4.If I become a consultant at Foxconn, I would suggest Terry Gou to keep certain things in mind and implement these changes to be successful in the autocratic form of leadership. He should respect his subordinates because all are important for the fulfillment of organizational goal. Hence, he should introduce an environment of mutual respect (Manzoor, 2012). He should convey the employees, the reason for following certain procedure or orders. Terry Gou should follow company policies fairly and consistently. He should not differ on decisions in similar circumstances. He needs to leave the secretive policy of leadership. Employees need to understand the expectations fully to avoid miscommunications and misconceptions. Even if Terry Gou does not implement the ideas that come from the subordinates, he needs to listen to their views to make them feel valued and needed by the company. He should introduce policies to look after the physical and mental health of the employees, by reducing th eir exposure to toxic working environments, granting them leaves when required and by providing them flexible working hours. These changes will create a harmonious, less toxic and a less stressful work environment for employees. Chinese employees usually expect a harmonious relationship between the leader and the follower expects the leader to be directive. The Chinese culture follows the Confucian value system. According to this Confucian understanding, people tend to respect their superiors and follow their orders. Hence, the Chinese prefer autocratic leadership style. Chinese people are very sensitive to authority even in modern days. Another element of Chinese culture is guanxi. It defines the relationship between two parties characterized by affection and mutual obligations (Dickson et al. 2012). According to this concern of emotion and feelings develops a strong bond between the parties. These characteristics of Chinese culture hence prove that implementing the above-discussed changes in Foxconn will be a great success for the autocratic leadership of Terry Gou. Conclusion The above discussion concludes that leadership styles have the positive and negative impact on employees' motivation. The key lies in implementing different leadership styles according to the requirement of the situation. A person who knows the difference between leadership and motivation are successful. Leadership is rising above all circumstances and motivation is the insight that helps to rise above all circumstances. References Garca-Morales, V.J., Jimnez-Barrionuevo, M.M. and Gutirrez-Gutirrez, L., 2012. Transformational leadership influence on organizational performance through organizational learning and innovation.Journal of business research,65(7), pp.1040-1050. Grant, A.M., 2012. Leading with meaning: Beneficiary contact, prosocial impact, and the performance effects of transformational leadership.Academy of Management Journal,55(2), pp.458-476. Wright, B.E., Moynihan, D.P. and Pandey, S.K., 2012. Pulling the levers: Transformational leadership, public service motivation, and mission valence.Public Administration Review,72(2), pp.206-215. Kelloway, E.K., Turner, N., Barling, J. and Loughlin, C., 2012. Transformational leadership and employee psychological well-being: The mediating role of employee trust in leadership.Work Stress,26(1), pp.39-55. Bhatti, N., Maitlo, G.M., Shaikh, N., Hashmi, M.A. and Shaikh, F.M., 2012. The impact of autocratic and democratic leadership style on job satisfaction.International Business Research,5(2), p.192. Wright, J. and Escrib-Folch, A., 2012. Authoritarian institutions and regime survival: Transitions to democracy and subsequent autocracy.British Journal of Political Science,42(02), pp.283-309.Chou, S.Y., 2012. Millennials in the workplace: A conceptual analysis of millennials' leadership and followership styles.International Journal of Human Resource Studies,2(2), p.71. Manning, G. and Curtis, K., 2012.The art of leadership. Tata McGraw-Hill Education. Ifinedo, P., 2012. Understanding information systems security policy compliance: An integration of the theory of planned behavior and the protection motivation theory.Computers Security,31(1), pp.83-95. Deci, E.L. and Ryan, R.M., 2012. Motivation, personality, and development within embedded social contexts: An overview of self-determination theory.The Oxford handbook of human motivation, pp.85-107. Allio, R.J., 2012. Leaders and leadershipmany theories, but what advice is reliable?.Strategy Leadership,41(1), pp.4-14. Dickson, M.W., Castao, N., Magomaeva, A. and Den Hartog, D.N., 2012. Conceptualizing leadership across cultures.Journal of World Business,47(4), pp.483-492. Manzoor, Q.A., 2012. Impact of employees motivation on organizational effectiveness.Business management and strategy,3(1), p.1. Dixon, M.L. and Hart, L.K., 2010. The impact of path-goal leadership styles on work group effectiveness and turnover intention.Journal of Managerial Issues, pp.52-69. Huang, X., Iun, J., Liu, A. and Gong, Y., 2010. Does participative leadership enhance work performance by inducing empowerment or trust? The differential effects on managerial and non?managerial subordinates.Journal of Organizational Behavior,31(1), pp.122-143. Zhang, X. and Bartol, K.M., 2010. Linking empowering leadership and employee creativity: The influence of psychological empowerment, intrinsic motivation, and creative process engagement.Academy of management journal,53(1), pp.107-128.

Business Finance Measuring Cashflow at Risk

Question: Describe about the Business Finance for Measuring Cashflow at Risk? Answer: Introduction Event Planners Ltd. carry on the business of planning the events for the clients such as weddings, birthdays, etc. It is a newly established business with only two shareholders. In the first year of the business, the company is in loss with major liquidity issues as the bank account has an overdraft balance and the company is unable to pay creditors on time. The company has appointed a manager to carry on the business of the company. But the directors feels that he is using funds of the company recklessly and his acts are not in the interest of the company. Difference between Cashflow Profits for the business Cashflow is the difference between the cash received during the year and the cash used during the year. Profit is the revenue from the sale of goods services, whether received in cash or yet to be received less all the expenses made during the year whether actually paid or yet to be paid. Profit is not equal to the Cashflow during the year. Business can be in loss and at the same time positive Cashflow. Similarly, there may be negative Cashflow and business is still making good profit. (Bizfilings, 2012) For a successful business, there must be a balance between both the Cashflow profit. (Sharma, 1996) Importance of Cash Profits for the business survival Profit making is the primary purpose of the business. It is a vital part of business, but profit is not the only purpose for the existence of the business. For the survival of business profit is essential, as profit has its own function in the business survival. Profit is required to pay the investors and stakeholders as return for the investment of money or time they invested in the business. Profit is needed for the running, expansion, growth and development of business. Profit also act as a financial indicator of how well business is working. Cash plays a major role in the survival of the business. A business in loss can survive for short to medium duration if it is generating enough cash. As cash is needed for paying of any stuff. And no business can survive without enough cash to meet its immediate needs. At the same time holding excess cash is also of no use. It will be a loss of potential earnings. So, the liquidity should be maintained in any business to manage the balance of cash in the business as per the business requirement. Identify and explain why business can report a profit, but be short of cash. Profits and cashflows are related to each other. They are the financial measurement of the business. They are not directly related to each other, both depict different thing about the business. Cashflow measures the business ability to pay its expenses while profit measures the sustainability of the business. Cashflow is the cash balance after considering all the cash receipts and deducting cash payme/nts for the period. Whereas, profit is the result of deduction of expense for earning the revenue from the revenue. For the accounting purpose, an income expense is recognized only in that period for which it actually takes place, whether received or paid in cash or not. (Vranceanu, 2014) For example, a company sold the goods worth 100$, partially on credit, i.e. 50 $ will be received after 1 month and 50$ now at the time of sale. Expenses are payed off $ 45 and outstanding expenses are for 15$. For calculating profit for the period= Revenue less Expenses = 100$ (Total Sales) 60$ (Total Expenses) = 40$ For calculating Cashflow for the period = Cash inflow less Cash outflow = 50 $ (Cash receipt) 45$ (Cash payment) = 5$ In this case, the company has an adequate profit, but short cash. This difference in the profit and cash is mainly due to timing differences. For calculating profit, the company focuses on when the profit is earned and expenses incurred legally, without considering the cash position. They follow accrual basis of accounting. For calculating cash, the company only focuses on when cash is actually received and paid, without considering when it is actually earned or incurred. Consequences to a business of being short of cash Cash is the blood of the business. It acts as lifeline to the business. Shortage of cash in a business can harm it many ways. Such as: Late payment to creditors, which lead to wrong image in the market and reduce the flow of material or goods. Short cash will create liquidity problem in the business. If the business is short of cash, then it will create crisis kind situation like how to pay for expenses, how to purchase raw material, how to develop the business etc. Cash shortage will lead to poor market image and also affect the goodwill of the business. A balance of cash is required in the business. Because cash is needed to earn profit for the business. Adequate cash is required to pay to employees and suppliers and other expenses. So that goods can be produced and profit can be generated by selling those goods. If business is short of cash than it will be unable to generate profit. So, business is to be managed in such a way to have positive cash flow for the growth and development of the business. Liquidity and profitability characteristics of new business as opposed to long standing business. Business have different requirement in its different phases. A new business will have more liquidity as compared to long standing business. As for new business more cash is required for initial setup and for the purchase of resources to run the business. As this is the growing phase of the business, it will require more liquidity for the growth and development of the business. For the long standing business, an adequate liquidity is required, but not high as the business is already set up and running. So, it need liquidity only for smooth running of the business. At the initial stage of business, it will have low profitability. As the business is trying to set up, building customers and goodwill in the market. In case of long standing business, there will be higher profitability. As the business has grown upto a level to give good returns and have high profitability. (Sasaki, 2015) How Cashflow problems can arise Cashflow problem arises due to following reasons: Low Profits Lower profit generally lead to cashflow problems for the business. Over Investment When more cash is invested in the machinery or equipment that required. This excess capacity will not generate revenue, so it is a waste of cash. Excess stock- Holding of excess stock than the required quantity for smooth working of business is just a waste of cash and also lead to the risk of stock become obsoltee. Higher credit period- Selling goods on credit is a good way of sales promotion. But providing very high credit period will lead to shortage of cash in the business. Expanding fastly Business in expanding very fast, so it will need more resources for the business. It will create a shortage of cash in the business. Declining sales - Reduction in the turnover of the business lead to a reduction in the cash receipt. So shortage in cash arise. Excessive debt Excess of debt lead to the use of major cash in the payment of debt and shortage in cash arise. High capital Expenditure - Higher capital expenditure will lead to higher cash flow and case cash reduction. Methods for dealing with cash flow problems Following are the methods for dealing with the cashflow problems: Cost cutting This is the best method for dealing with a cash flow problem by reducing the non essential costs of the business. This will help in reducing cash outflows for the business. Reduction in stocks Reduction in the cash tied up in the raw material and goods by ordering only minimum goods or raw material required for running the business. This will reduce the cash utilization in the stock. Late payments to suppliers - Try to increase the credit period for making payment to the suppliers. This will reduce the cash engaged in the business. Reduction in the credit period offered to the customer - Selling goods on credit is a good way of sales promotion. But providing high credit period will lead to shortage of cash in the business. So by reducing the credit period will allow more cash inflow in the business. Delay in the growth and expansion plans - Delay of the expansion plan of the business for the future. This will deffer the cash outflow from now and reduce cash crisis. Increasing the selling price Increase in selling price will increase the cash inflow in the business and reduce cash crisis. Cash Flow Management A proper management of the cash outflow and inflows will help in maintaining required cash in the business by proper planning the cash inflows and outflows. By keeping the cash flow forecast to remain prepared for future outflows in advance and manage cash flow problems. (Stein, 2001) References 1. Stein, J, C, Usher, S, E, LaGattuta, D Youngen, J 2001, A comparables approach to measuring cashflow at risk for non financial firms, Journal of Applied Corporate Finance, vol. 13 , no. 4 , pp. 100-09. 2. Sharma, D 1996, Analysing the Statement of Cashflows, Australian Accounting Review, vol. 6 , no. 12 , pp. 37-44. 3. Morley, S 2002, The Financial Appraisal of Development Projects, in Development and Developers: Perspectives on Property, Blackwell Science Ltd, UK. 4. Vranceanu, R 2014, Corporate profit, entrepreneurship theory and business ethics, Business Ethics: A European Review, vol. 23 , no. 1 , pp. 50-68. 5. Ang, A Liu, J 2004, How to discount cashflow with time varying expected return, The Journal Of Finance, vol. 59 , no. 6 , pp. 2745-83.6. Brown, C Burrows, G 2003, Risk-Adjusted Discount Rates and Projects of Unequal Lives Australian Accounting Review, vol. 13 , no. 29 , pp. 57-65. 7. Sasaki, T 2015, The Effects of Liquidity Shocks on Corporate Investments and Cash Holdings: Evidence from Actuarial Pension Gains/Losses. Financial Management,vol. 44 , no. 3 , pp. 685-707. 8. Albuquerque, R Schroth, E 2015, The Value of control and the costs of illiquidity, The Journal Of Finance, vol. 70 , no. 4 , pp. 1405-55. 9. LANG, M, LINS, K, V MAFFETT, M 2012, Transparency, Liquidity, and Valuation: International Evidence on When Transparency Matters Most, Journal of Accounting Research,vol. 50 , no. 3 , pp. 729-74. 10. Amihud, Y Mendelson, H 2012, Liquidity, the Value of the Firm, and Corporate Finance, Journal of Applied Corporate Finance, vol. 24 , no. 1 , pp. 17-32. 11.Bizfilings 2012, The Difference between cash flow and profit, viewed on 24th March, 2016, https://www.bizfilings.com/toolkit/sbg/finance/cash-flow/cash-flow-and-profit.aspx. 12. Robbins, S, Profit and Cashflow explained, viewed on 24th March, 2016, https://www.steverrobbins.com/articles/profit-and-cash-flow-explained 13. Smith, K, Reasons why cash is king for businesses Individual, viewed on 24th March, 2016, https://www.moneycrashers.com/why-cash-is-king 14. Business casestudies, Controlling cash flow for business growth, viewed on 24th March, 2016, https://businesscasestudies.co.uk/cima/controlling-cash-flow-for-business-growth/the-importance-of-cash-flow.html#axzz43tNM3Kre.